Astana International Financial Centre — An English Common-Law Enclave for International Finance
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan built an English-common-law jurisdiction in Astana in 2018 to attract international finance; by 2025 it hosted 4,900+ firms from …
Bahrain · Manama · See the Bahrain profile · See the Manama profile
Evidence: Observational / pre–post Top 39% 71/100 · Ask Evidence Copilot about this practice
Launched Feb 2018 by Bahrain's Economic Development Board and 28 partners alongside the region's first central-bank regulatory sandbox, Bahrain FinTech Bay incubated 116+ startups before being absorbed into national payments utility Benefit in 2023.
Bahrain FinTech Bay (BFB) launched in February 2018 as a partnership between the Bahrain Economic Development Board and a 28-member 'Fintech Consortium' of local and international firms, working alongside the Central Bank of Bahrain's regulatory sandbox (launched June 2017 — the first in the MENA region), which took 34 fintech-firm applications in its first year.
BFB operated as a start-up incubator anchored to the region's first central-bank fintech regulatory sandbox, supporting fintech firms through the sandbox application and growth process.
By September 2023, BFB had incubated more than 116 start-ups; sandbox alumni include Tarabut Gateway (raised $32m Series A in May 2023, became MENA's largest open banking platform by mid-2024) and Rain (raised $110m Series B in January 2022, the region's first regulated crypto-asset trading platform); Bahrain's wider fintech sector had grown to roughly 115 active companies by 2024. In September 2023, national payments utility Benefit completed an acquisition of BFB, folding the incubator into permanent market infrastructure rather than leaving it as a grant-funded pilot.
Reported start-up and funding figures track BFB-linked companies collectively rather than isolating BFB's causal contribution from the regulatory sandbox or general Gulf venture-capital inflows; there is no published data on gender balance, Bahraini-national employment, or the survival/failure rate of the 116 incubated firms.
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Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan built an English-common-law jurisdiction in Astana in 2018 to attract international finance; by 2025 it hosted 4,900+ firms from …
Bermuda
Since 2018 Bermuda's insurance regulator has run a two-track Sandbox and Innovation Hub for InsurTech: of 70 companies engaged, 12 …
Rwanda
Launched in 2020, Rwanda's Kigali International Financial Centre had registered over 40 entities — foundations, holding companies, funds and fintechs …
Liechtenstein
In 2020 Liechtenstein enacted the world's first comprehensive token-economy framework law (TVTG). By November 2025 just 29 firms were registered …
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