Punjab's state-run Plan9 incubator says it has graduated 1,100+ startups and created 24,000+ jobs since 2012 across seven cities — but independent reporting finds 60-80% startup failure rates and a collapse in national investment since 2021.
Regional Plan9 city failure rate (one manager's cohort)
52 ventures
Ventures under that manager's supervision
>80 %
National startup failure rate within 3 years
Details
Maturity
Established
Promoter
Punjab Information Technology Board (PITB) — Plan9
Period
2012-2025
Keywords
startup incubation, information technology, entrepreneurship, digital economy
Context
Plan9 is a government-run startup incubator launched by the Punjab Information Technology Board (PITB) in August 2012, based at Lahore's Arfa Software Technology Park, as one of Pakistan's earliest state-backed responses to under-employment among engineering and computer-science graduates.
Objectives
To incubate technology startups and address graduate under-employment through state-backed entrepreneurship support, later replicated regionally as 'Regional Plan9'.
Activities
Plan9 ran 10 cohorts graduating 160 startups in Lahore. PITB replicated the model as 'Regional Plan9' in six further Punjab cities: Dera Ghazi Khan, Rawalpindi, Sahiwal, Gujranwala, Kamra and Kharian.
Results
Plan9 itself reports having graduated 160 startups reaching a combined valuation of roughly US$70 million; about 30 raised a combined US$3.5 million in outside investment (60% follow-on funding rate). By March 2025 the network as a whole reported over 1,100 startups graduated, Rs2.9 billion in revenue, and more than 24,000 jobs created. Independent Pakistani reporting complicates this picture: national startup investment collapsed from roughly US$360 million in 2021 to US$70 million in 2023; one Regional Plan9 city manager told Dawn newspaper that 60-70% of the 52 ventures under her supervision ultimately failed; and industry commentary cited in the same report puts nationwide startup failure above 80% within three years.
Conclusions
Plan9 demonstrates real multi-city replication and scale within Pakistan's state-backed incubation efforts, but independent reporting on high failure rates and a national investment collapse since 2021 indicates weak outcome durability behind the headline growth figures.
Implementation
Indicative cost
Medium (€50k–€500k)
Time to results
Long (> 3 years)
Staffing & skills
Punjab Information Technology Board (PITB) — programme owner, Regional Plan9 city managers in six additional Punjab cities
Conditions for success
State funding and infrastructure (Arfa Software Technology Park) to host incubated startups
Multi-city replication to broaden reach beyond the capital
Common failure modes
National startup investment collapsed from ~US$360m (2021) to ~US$70m (2023), constraining follow-on funding
A regional manager reported 60-70% failure among her 52 supervised ventures
Industry commentary cites above 80% national startup failure within three years, linked to weak product-market fit and thin follow-on capital
Where it fits
Governance type
national/regional government
Scale
regional
Income level
lower-middle-income
Commonly funded by
National / regional programmes
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Data sources
Where this practice's information was retrieved from, and when.