Portugal's D8 Digital Nomad Visa
Portugal
Portugal's D8 remote-worker visa, requiring income of 4x minimum wage, issued over 2,600 visas in its first year (Oct 2022–2023) …
Bermuda · Hamilton · See the Bermuda profile
A one-year renewable residency certificate for people employed remotely by an overseas employer: government figures show growth from 73 approvals in month one to over 900 residents and an estimated $23m in local spending by 2021, before the scheme closed in 2025.
Bermuda's Work From Bermuda One-Year Residency Certificate, launched on 1 August 2020 by the Ministry of Labour with the Bermuda Business Development Agency and Bermuda Tourism Authority, let people employed by (or owning) a company outside Bermuda live on the island for one year while working remotely. Applicants paid a $263 fee, proved sufficient income and valid health insurance, and could not enter the local labour market; the government targeted a five-working-day turnaround.
Uptake was tracked publicly throughout: 190 applications and 73 approvals within three weeks of launch, 452 applications and 354 approvals (about 78%) by mid-October 2020, and, per the Ministry of Labour's 2021 year-end review, more than 900 residents admitted and over $23 million generated in the local economy, with 206 certificate holders still resident as of November 2021. Appleby, an international law firm with a Bermuda office, put cumulative participation at roughly 1,800 people over the scheme's life, with about 250 seeking to extend.
The certificate is a clear, time-bound example of a remote-work residency policy with published, time-series uptake data — rare among comparable schemes. It also illustrates the limits of such programmes: the government closed it on 28 February 2025, stating explicitly that ending it would free up rental housing for Bermudian residents, after years of concern that certificate holders were competing with locals for a small, constrained housing stock.
Read the full analysis: https://www.gov.bm/articles/one-1-year-residency-certificate-policy
Implementation detail (cost, timeline, staffing, conditions for success) is not yet available for this practice.
Where this practice's information was retrieved from, and when.
Portugal
Portugal's D8 remote-worker visa, requiring income of 4x minimum wage, issued over 2,600 visas in its first year (Oct 2022–2023) …
Costa Rica
Costa Rica's 2021 nomad-visa law, in force since August 2022, requires $3,000/month income and grants a renewable one-year stay with …
Namibia
Namibia's October 2022 digital-nomad visa made it one of only five African countries offering one. By mid-2023 it had logged …
Mauritius
A free, renewable long-stay visa for remote workers, retirees and investors launched in November 2020; officials reported roughly 2,000 approvals …
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