Kampala Institutional and Infrastructure Development Project (KIIDP) — Roads, Drainage and Governance Reform

Kampala Capital City Authority (KCCA) implemented two consecutive World Bank-financed programmes to rebuild urban infrastructure and institutional capacity across the city's five divisions. The first phase, the Kampala Institutional and Infrastructure Development Project (KIIDP), ran from roughly 2008 to 2017 with an SDR 22 million (about $33.6 million) IDA credit. A second phase, KIIDP-2, ran from 2015 to 2021 with a total value of $183.7 million. Combined, the programmes rebuilt roads and drainage, and modernised KCCA's property registers, road asset management, traffic management and revenue-collection systems.

On its headline metric, the programme outperformed its target: 1,307,837 urban residents gained access to all-season roads within 500 metres of their homes, against an end-of-project target of 1,048,000. It formed part of a broader Greater Kampala Metropolitan Area vision, originally costed at $3 billion and later scaled back to $1.18 billion, with the World Bank contributing $566 million and the French Development Agency $42.66 million; Uganda's own committed co-financing of $571.31 million went largely unfulfilled.

The project's informal-settlement and resettlement record is markedly weaker than its infrastructure delivery. The World Bank recalled funding for the Nalukolongo drainage sub-component after the Uganda government failed to compensate Project Affected Persons, leaving only the Lubigi channel (62 billion UGX) and Nakamiro secondary channel (20 billion UGX) works completed. A community affected by the Lubigi channel works filed a formal complaint with the World Bank Inspection Panel in July 2021, alleging a coercive and exclusionary resettlement process; the case was resolved through 18 months of mediation, concluding in a Dispute Resolution Agreement in June 2023 with confidential terms. Separately, Ugandan investigative reporting found that of a $48 million institutional-strengthening grant intended for KCCA and eight other beneficiary authorities, the responsible central ministry allocated $18 million to itself, leaving only about $3.3 million for each of the nine implementing bodies. KIIDP is therefore a genuinely mixed case: strong, target-beating delivery on physical infrastructure, undercut by resettlement-compliance failures serious enough to trigger the World Bank's own accountability mechanism, and governance concerns over how shared funding was allocated.