Slovak National Centre for Human Rights
Slovakia
The Slovak National Centre for Human Rights (Centre) as an independent legal entity is a specialised national institution that promotes …
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Verein für Menschenrechte (VMR): Liechtenstein's Independent Gender-Equality Ombudsman
Liechtenstein · Schaan · See the Liechtenstein profile
In 2017 Liechtenstein moved gender-equality oversight from a government office to the independent NGO VMR, which now monitors CEDAW compliance and convenes an annual Equality Round Table; women's parliamentary seats rose from 8% (1993) to a record 32% in 2025.
8 %
Women's Landtag seats (1993)
28 (7 of 25) %
Women's Landtag seats (2021)
32 (8 of 25) %
Women's Landtag seats (2025)
57 consultations
Individual human-rights consultations (2024)
16.5 %
Gender pay gap (n.d.)
13 places vs 32 cases count
Domestic-violence shelter places vs reported cases against women (2019)
Details
- Maturity
- Established
- Promoter
- Verein für Menschenrechte in Liechtenstein (VMR)
- Period
- 2017–present
- Keywords
- human rights, gender equality, ombudsman, civil society
Context
In 2016 Liechtenstein's Landtag passed the VMRG law transferring the country's equality-ombudsman and monitoring mandate from a government office to the newly founded independent NGO Verein für Menschenrechte in Liechtenstein (VMR), operational since 1 January 2017.
Objectives
Provide independent CEDAW-compliance monitoring, equality advocacy and public convening on equal pay, parental leave, gender-based violence and political representation.
Activities
VMR has convened an annual Runder Tisch Gleichstellung (Round Table on Equality) since 2022, including a 2024 public campaign on unpaid care work, and conducts individual human-rights consultations and CEDAW shadow-reporting.
Results
Women's Landtag representation rose from 8% (1993) to 28% (2021) to a record 32% (2025); Brigitte Haas became Liechtenstein's first female prime minister in April 2025. VMR's 2024 annual report records 57 individual human-rights consultations that year.
Conclusions
Persistent gaps remain, including a reported 16.5% gender pay gap and, per a 2019 figure, only 13 domestic-violence shelter places against 32 reported cases against women; these secondary-sourced figures could not be independently verified against Liechtenstein's own statistics office.
Implementation
Implementation detail (cost, timeline, staffing, conditions for success) is not yet available for this practice.
Data sources
Where this practice's information was retrieved from, and when.
- C-NAPSE web research — accessed 2026-07-11
- Verein für Menschenrechte in Liechtenstein (VMR) — accessed 2026-07-11
- VMR official site — accessed 2026-07-11
- Liechtenstein VMRG law (Landesgesetzblatt) — accessed 2026-07-11
- 1999 Equality Act (GLG) — accessed 2026-07-11
- Liechtenstein Historical Lexicon: VMR — accessed 2026-07-11
- Euronews: Liechtenstein's first female PM — accessed 2026-07-11
- US Library of Congress: 1984 women's suffrage — accessed 2026-07-11
- Borgen Project: Women's rights in Liechtenstein — accessed 2026-07-11
Attachments
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