What works in Italy

Italy has implemented several institutional and organizational approaches to advance gender equality across public and private sectors. At the national level, guidelines for public administration recommend monitoring female candidacy for senior posts, while Law 162/2021 (the Gribaudo law) certifies employers adopting concrete measures to reduce gender gaps in career development, pay equity, and maternity protection, and a National Observatory institutionalizes government monitoring of national gender equality strategy. Complementing these policy frameworks, Italy supports women's leadership development through diverse training initiatives in IT and digital skills, financial literacy, entrepreneurship, and board-level preparation, though the practices provide only descriptive evidence without quantified outcomes demonstrating effectiveness.