Topic: Nature-based solutions & ecosystem services clear · back to the knowledge map
-45 practices not yet assessed for evidence strength.
Most practices in: United States of America (14) · Australia (9) · Brazil (9)
Indonesia's FCPF ERPA for East Kalimantan (signed Nov 2020) commits up to US$110 million for 22 million tCO2e; in Nov 2022, Indonesia …
Estonia's EAFRD-funded Rural Development Plan pays private landowners €60–134/ha for Natura 2000 management restrictions. By 2019: €4.3 M/year for 64,000 ha of …
PNG's REDD+ programme verified 17M tCO₂e of avoided deforestation (2014–2016), earning USD 63.4M in GCF results-based payments (July 2025). Covers 1.4M ha …
Plan Vivo–certified community reforestation with 4,000+ smallholder families across 17,000+ ha in Estelí highlands. All 2015–2021 credits independently verified; US$3.1M paid to …
Portugal's national PES pilot (Resolução 121/2019): Fundo Ambiental pays 14 landowners €3.7M over 20 years to conserve 27,674 ha — Serra do …
World's largest PES programme: China's Grain for Green converted 34.3M ha of sloped farmland to forest and grassland since 1999, paying 535 …
Malaysia's first certified nature-based carbon project: 83,381 ha of Bornean dipterocarp rainforest in Sabah, verified under Verra VCS+CCB. First VCUs issued March …
Spain's CAP Strategic Plan (PEPAC 2023-2027) pays farmers in dehesa and agroforestry systems—~3.5 million ha of Extremadura, Andalusia and Castilla y León—for …
World's oldest operational carbon market project (1994), led by indigenous and mestizo farming communities in Chiapas under Plan Vivo. Covers 9,150 ha …
Community-led mangrove restoration in Casamance and Sine-Saloum: 10,000 ha, 80 million trees planted by 2012, Verra-certified; 600,000 tCO2e over 20 years; 350 …
WCS-managed REDD+ project protecting 372,470 ha of primary rainforest and 73 community forests in NE Madagascar. VCS + CCB Gold certified; 1.2 …
World's first VCS Triple Gold CCB REDD+ project: 13 community forestry groups protect 67,783 ha in Oddar Meanchey. Expected to reduce 7.1 …
Africa's largest REDD+ project: BioCarbon Partners protects 2.1M ha of Zambian miombo woodland with 30 chiefdoms and 230,000 people. VCS+CCB 4th verification …
West Africa's only REDD+ national park project: 71,070 ha of Upper Guinea rainforest, protecting 19 Mt CO2 and reducing ~500,000 tCO2e/yr. VCS …
USDA programme paying farmers to convert highly erodible cropland to permanent vegetative cover. 24.8 million acres (~10 Mha) enrolled; $1.8 billion in …
Community-led REDD+ project in Ethiopia's afromontane Bale eco-region: 5.5M tCO2e verified under VCS+CCBA Gold, 58% deforestation reduction, 25,000+ ha protected, benefiting 350,000 …
COMACO pays Zambian smallholders above-market prices for conservation-farmed produce in exchange for surrendering snares and firearms; a 2011 PNAS study found significant …
Seattle's ~100,000-acre Cedar River Municipal Watershed programme won EPA's rare 'Limited Alternative to Filtration' status in 2004, saving over $100 million in …
The Nature Conservancy has rewetted 37,000+ acres of pocosin peatland at Pocosin Lakes NWR, NC, and with TerraCarbon built the first ACR-approved …
Melbourne has kept the public and farming out of its mountain-ash forest catchments since 1879, so over 65% of its drinking water …
Brazil's first ecological fiscal transfer (1991) redistributes ~R$500 million/year of state VAT revenue to municipalities hosting protected areas or water springs, spurring …
VCS/CCB-certified REDD+ project covering 660,000 ha in Petén's Maya Biosphere Reserve; 12 community concessions managed by ACOFOP and CONAP project 38 million …
VCS-certified mangrove restoration in the Ayeyarwady Delta: 2,065 ha restored since 2015, targeting 3.6 MtCO2e over 20 years (~184,000 tCO2e/yr). WIF with …
Peru's Law 30215 (2014) mandates water utilities to fund watershed PES via tariffs. SUNASS authorised 43/50 utilities; US$50M+ invested; 8,900+ ha protected; …
Open full copilot Grounded in cited practices — always check the sources.
