World's first jurisdictional REDD+ system (Acre State Law 2.308/2010), covering 15.4 M ha of Amazon forest; Standard Chartered-CDSA partnership to sell up …
Rio Branco, Brazil
Good practice
Evidence: Observational / pre–post
Top 17%60/100
Brazil's first ecological fiscal transfer (1991) redistributes ~R$500 million/year of state VAT revenue to municipalities hosting protected areas or water springs, spurring …
Curitiba, Brazil
Good practice
Evidence: Quasi-experimental
Top 17%60/100
Brazil's oldest community PES: since 2007, the Amazonas Sustainable Foundation pays 583 riverine communities (BRL 50/household/month + community fund) to conserve 10.9 …
Manaus, Brazil
Good practice
Evidence: Observational / pre–post
Top 32%53/100
Since 2008, Rio de Janeiro's Guandu river-basin PES program has paid smallholders USD 6.25-31.25/ha/year to conserve or restore riparian forest; a peer-reviewed …
Rio Claro, Brazil
Good practice
Evidence: Observational / pre–post
Top 32%53/100
Brazil's first municipal PES law (Lei 2.100/2005): Extrema, Minas Gerais pays 53+ landowners R$195/ha/yr to restore native forest and adopt conservation practices …
Extrema, Brazil
Good practice
Evidence: Descriptive / self-reported
Top 46%47/100
Brazil's 2021 federal PES law underpins Floresta+ Amazônia, a $96m Green Climate Fund scheme paying family farmers R$1,500-28,000 each to conserve forest; …
Brasília, Brazil
Good practice
Evidence: Observational / pre–post
Top 46%47/100
Brazil's pioneering Water Producer scheme, piloted 2008–2015 in São Paulo's Cantareira system, signed 41 PES contracts covering 342 hectares of forest restoration …
Nazaré Paulista, Brazil
Good practice
Evidence: Descriptive / self-reported
Top 63%40/100
After coffee-plantation deforestation dried up Rio's springs, an 1861 ordinance ordered replanting of the Tijuca massif. The city's Refloresta Rio program continues …
Since 1995, Minas Gerais has redistributed a share of state VAT revenue to municipalities hosting protected areas, dry forest or sanitation infrastructure …
Belo Horizonte, Brazil
Good practice
Evidence: Observational / pre–post
Top 80%33/100