Ce qui fonctionne — Espagne

Spain has implemented major gender-equality reforms with quantified results: Spain's Equal Non-Transferable Paternity Leave Reform (2017–2021) extended fully paid paternity leave from 2 to 16 weeks, increasing father uptake by roughly 20 percentage points, with 75% now taking leave simultaneously at birth. Spain's Organic Law 1/2004 — Integrated Protection Against Gender Violence (LOVG) created 106 specialised gender-violence courts that handled 2 million complaints and secured 700,000 convictions over 15 years. Spain also supports women's entrepreneurship in science and technology through Innovatia 8.3, which promotes women's entrepreneurial spirit and integrates gender perspectives into university and research-centre support services. The evidence demonstrates Spain as a model for gender-equal parental leave policy and integrated gender-based violence protection, though quantified outcomes for the entrepreneurship initiative are not specified in the available data.